Carbon prices only cover CO₂. Contrails and NOx add more warming, and rules for them are starting to form. Pick one to see how it works.
Ice clouds that form behind aircraft in cold, humid air. Each one lasts only hours, but together they are the largest warming effect. They are also the least certain.
Carbon dioxide from burning fuel. It stays in the air for centuries, so each flight keeps warming the planet long after it lands. It is the only part priced today.
Nitrogen oxides make ozone, which warms, and remove methane, which cools. The warming is larger, so the net effect is warming.
Share of aviation's warming in 2018. Source: Lee et al. (2021). Shares add to just over 100% because the total also includes a small cooling effect.
We help airlines, lessors and lenders see what EU ETS, UK ETS and CORSIA cost today, and how that changes with new aircraft, SAF and contrail rules.
What a fleet pays under EU ETS and UK ETS today, and how that moves with new aircraft or fuel.
Which routes are covered, how many offsets are due, and what that may cost over time.
Plain briefings on fuel mandates and the new rules taking shape for non-CO₂ effects.
Free to use. Built on public data and the same methods we use in client work.
How contrails and NOx add to aviation's warming, and the EU rules now forming to measure them.
EU ETS and CORSIA side by side, and which one covers a given flight.
EU ETS, UK ETS and CORSIA by country, so you can see which scheme applies to a flight.
What the GTF engine groundings cost a fleet: lease costs, extra fuel burn and disruption.
Drop us a line about what you're working on and we'll set up a quick chat. No prep needed.